roses
The process of growing roses in your garden is to follow the basic rules of agricultural technology. This is a fairly effective and hardy plant that allows you to ennoble hedges, flower beds, flower beds, borders. Rose bushes are actively used in landscape design. Due to the variety of shapes, colors, fragrant fragrance, this flower is one of the most popular in the backyard.
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Spray roses: description
blooming bouquet
There are different types of roses that differ in shape and height. Some varieties form a small bush in the form of a pyramid, others delight gardeners with their sprawling shape.
At the bush, uterine (main) and annual shoots are formed, which abundantly cover unpaired oval-shaped leaves with finely cut edges. In length, the flowering stem can reach 85 cm; flowers of various shapes and shades grow on it with a diameter of 3 to 20 cm. In one bud there can be 5-120 petals, they can be in the form of inflorescences or grow as a separate flower.
Given the annual cross-pollination of flowers, you can find the most incredibly beautiful colors of roses.
Before you create a rose garden in your area, you need to become more familiar with the features of growing this amazing plant.
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Variety of species
Among the variety of forms for the rose garden, a multi-flowered, tea-hybrid and climbing plant form is chosen. In experienced gardeners, you can find dwarf, ground cover and upright high varieties of roses.
In order to enjoy the flowering of this "queen" in your garden as long as possible, it is recommended to know all its strengths and weaknesses:
- Hybrid forms are distinguished by a high degree of frost resistance, but it is better to cover young plants for the winter.
- In order for rose bushes to grow and develop well, it is necessary to carry out pruning, shaping, and sanitary every year. Autumn pruning of secondary flowering plants is mandatory.
- Planting a crop is equally presentable, both as an independent plant and in group plantings. Especially, roses look beautiful when decorating hedges and alpine slides.
- Not only competent planting and variety selection ensure long-term flowering of the bush, it is also necessary to properly care for it.
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What growing conditions do roses need?
A favorable effect on the growth and development of this culture is provided by moderate heat and sufficient illumination of the site.
For breeding a rose garden, it is recommended to choose a well-lit area where at noon the sun does not exert its active influence on it.
In addition, special attention should be paid to the location of groundwater. They should not be very close to the surface of the earth, at least two meters from it. If there is no other option, then in such places it is necessary to use high-quality drainage or use high ridges.
Bush drainage
Northern and northeastern wind blowers cause a lot of problems for plants, so it is recommended to take this factor into account when choosing a site. It is better to consider the area where the south winds are in charge.
The most optimal soil for growing roses is loamy soil, well fertilized with rotted mullein.
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First of all, when purchasing rose seedlings, it is necessary to examine their stem. It should be sufficiently matured, when pressing on the spike from the side, it easily separates from the trunk. If this spike does not break off, but only bends, then this planting material is unlikely to take root.
Distinctive features of a quality escape: juicy, living bark, yellowish-whitish roots.
Seedling selection
Determination of a plant variety by the appearance of planting material - a seedling:
- The wrinkled variety is distinguished by the presence of multiple spikes of various sizes.
- A loose rose has rather large thorns, which are located at a great distance from each other.
- The variety of white rose is distinguished by the presence of strong pink sickle-shaped thorns.
- The Floribunda variety forms very strong paired spikes that are bent down.
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When and how to plant roses
It is advisable to purchase seedlings in September - October. In the spring there is a risk of buying last year's planting material.
Planting technology for rose bushes:
- Shorten the roots of the seedling with a sharpened and processed garden tool, remove the dry parts. Cut the stem to a height of 16-20 cm.
Place the seedling in water before the planting date.
Dig a planting hole 50 x 50 cm in size and 10 cm deeper than the size of the roots, along with an earthen clod
Loosen the earth at the bottom of the hole
- Mix the excavated soil with compost at a ratio of 3:1. Add wood ash.
- Pour one bucket of heteroauxin solution into each well. Dilute the drug according to the instructions.
Place the seedling in the hole and cover with fertilized soil, holding it. The main thing is that all the roots are straightened
Make a groove around the trunk for watering
- Spud the planted seedling at least 15 cm, shade it for 10-12 days.
The next watering is done two days after planting.
The optimal distance between varieties of roses is 1-2 m.
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If planting is planned in the fall, then it is necessary to start preparing for this planting event 2-3 months in advance, namely:
- Dig a hole, lay a drainage layer on the bottom in the form of a brick battle, medium crushed stone, expanded clay. This technique will protect the roots of the bushes from rotting.
- Prepare the soil: dig it up, add organic fertilizer, humus, rotted leaves at the rate of one bucket per 1 sq.m, 2 tbsp, bone meal and 2 tbsp. wood ash, 40-60 g of superphosphate.
- If the soil is excessively clayey, then it must be diluted with sand at the rate of one bucket per 1 sq. m.
Bushes planted for the winter must be sprinkled with earth or sawdust, needles can be used
In spring, plants are best planted between April and May. For this:
- Prepare the ground as in the autumn planting.
- Trim the elongated roots and remove the damaged parts. The stem is shortened to a height of 10-15 cm, while the number of buds should not exceed 3-4 pieces.
- Soak a seedling with dried roots for a day in a container with water and treat them with clay-dung mash before planting.
- Figure soaking a seedling in water
- Fill the planting hole with earth in the form of a hill and set the seedling in the center. Sprinkle the roots gently with earth, lightly tamping it down.
- Plentifully water the bush and spud it.
- As soon as the first sprouts appear, level the earthen mound and mulch the ground around the bush with sawdust or pine bark. The layer of mulch should be at least 6-7 cm.
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The formation of this amazing culture is carried out throughout the year, where the main task is to pinch the tips of the vegetative organs - shoots. This technique allows you to increase the growth rate of bushes. So that flowering does not weaken the young plant, it is necessary to remove the emerging buds at the beginning of summer.
Water procedures
Abundant watering of bushes is especially necessary at the stage of its growth and bud formation., leaflets, after the first flowering. It is best to use melted or rain water. It is necessary to water in a previously prepared groove.
Up to 15 liters of water are used per plant, applying it several times. The optimal number of procedures is once every 7 days, and on dry days the interval between waterings is increased up to four times.
Watering roses in autumn
It is not recommended to water the bushes abundantly in August - September, it can cause damage to landings. With an excess amount of moisture, continued development of the bush is observed, in which young shoots do not have time to fully mature. So that they do not die during the onset of the first frost, artificial irrigation should be completed at the end of the season.
If autumn turned out to be hot, then you can irrigate the bushes moderately, using up to 12 liters of water per plant. This supply of moisture will be quite enough to wait out the winter period.
Features of top dressing
Soil mulching must be done before the buds open. Mulch is made from humus, peat or mature compost. It is poured at least 10 cm.
As a result, the soil is saturated with useful trace elements that contribute to the active growth and development of the plant.
Nutrients are introduced in the first year, the frequency of procedures is three times a year. Moreover, for each season a certain type of fertilizer should be used.
Plant nutrition
It is especially effective to introduce both mineral elements and organic matter at the same time. In terms of duration, organic compounds work more slowly, but provide better soil quality.
It is recommended to apply dry fertilizers after rains or artificial irrigation. It is necessary to scatter fertilizer around the plant, stepping back 15 cm from the trunk. Be sure to water the bush after feeding.
How and when to prune rose bushes
In spring, the plant begins to wake up after winter and grow intensively, laying buds, strengthening the flower-bearing stem and releasing new shoots. If dormant (underdeveloped) processes were found, then they must be removed. Cut sleeping shoots should be 1-2 leaves.
After pruning, the plant must be fed with a liquid organic or mineral composition.
bush pruning
After some time, the bush forms new powerful shoots. When weak shoots appear in the autumn, they should not be pruned, as the bush can be weakened.
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Despite the sufficient endurance of the plant to various negative environmental factors, it can be invaded by various garden pests and pathogens, for example, fungi, bacteria. They must be controlled with appropriate fungicides.
Bush processing
Soap-oil emulsion has proven itself well, prepared from washing powder, diesel fuel or machine oil in the amount of 5-6 tablespoons of each ingredient per liter of hot water. The resulting mixture must be diluted in ten liters of cold water and the bushes should be processed in the evening, provided there is no wind.
An effective folk remedy against aphids, mites and thrips is a tincture based on garlic or onions.
Among the most common diseases and pests of roses are:
- aphids
- powdery mildew
- red spider mite
- bee - leafworm
- caterpillars, snails, slugs
- bacterial cancer
- gray rot
- leaf spot
- diseases of viral origin
- drool foam
VIDEO: My secret of caring for ROSES in spring. rose pruning
VIDEO: My secret of caring for ROSES in spring. Rose cutting.
How to grow roses in your garden: planting and care - a short encyclopedia for beginner gardeners (170 Photos)
Thank you for the very interesting information on caring for such beauty of flowers! Everything is accessible and understandable. Thank you for this beautiful photo. Nice to see and get all the information that interests you about the care of roses!