Many people who have a summer house or a suburban area dream of their own bathhouse. After all, it has long been known for its healing, invigorating effect. Bath stoves with a water tank are very popular, and in fact, are the basis of traditional construction. Installing it is not very easy, but the effort is worth it. Let us consider in more detail: the principles of the design and operation of these furnaces, their types according to the material and location of the tank, by what parameters to choose a furnace, several popular models, how to make a furnace with your own hands.
Content:
- Features of the device of furnaces for a bath with a water tank
- Operating principle
- Types of furnaces by material
- Types of sauna stoves according to the location of water tanks
- Requirements for the design of such furnaces
- Criteria for maintaining the health of the attendant
- How to make a small brick oven with your own hands
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Features of the device of furnaces for a bath with a water tank
These ovens are used to maintain heat, heat in the steam room during bath procedures. They consist of:
- Kamenka - part of the stove, which retains heat from heating stones. They are heated by burning wood from the firebox.
- The firebox is the part of the furnace in which fuel is burned and heat energy is released. It contains a grate, which is placed in various positions depending on the type of fuel. For firewood, it is placed at the level of a sealed door.
- The grate is most often made of cast iron, as it is a reliable, durable alloy.
- Ashpit - the area under the firebox. It accumulates ash, which is then cleaned out by hand.
- Passage tunnel with a door - is mounted to be able to melt the bath in the dressing room, in the adjacent room.
- Heat exchanger - a device that allows you to transfer heat to water from the furnace.
- The chimney is a pipe coming out of the firebox, and bringing the smoke from combustion to the street.
Furnaces are made of stainless steel, ferrous metals, bricks.
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Such stoves work according to the following scheme: they put and kindle firewood, fuel that generates heat in the firebox. Since hot air is much lighter than cold air, it rises through the stove and heats the stones. They get very hot and keep the desired temperature in the room for a certain time.
When working with some devices, you often have to throw firewood, as they burn out quickly and the comfortable temperature lasts for a short time. Firewood is usually kindled from below.
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Types of furnaces by material
Bath stoves with a water tank are made of two materials:
- Metal devices are made mainly of cast iron, steel.There are many models on the market. In shape, they are square, rectangular and can even be cylindrical.
- low price
- simple installation
- no foundation needed
- rapid heating of the steam room
- poor resistance to temperature changes
- cool down quickly
- brick ovens
- they are more aesthetic
- keep the heat in the bath longer
- last longer
- need a foundation
- more labor costs when arranging
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Sauna stoves have several types of water tank placement:
- remote tanks located separately from the furnace
- built-in containers that are placed in the body of the structure
- hanging tanks
- attached
- chimney
Remote tanks
The location of this type of tank is one of the best. It allows the stove to heat water, and at the same time maintain heat in the adjacent room. And also it prevents the spread of moisture in the steam room while it has not really warmed up yet.
Most often, these tanks are made of stainless steel and placed in the near room. In order for the water to be heated from the stove, a register is installed that connects them through pipes or hoses.
How to use
Water should be added to the system while it is not hot. If it is poured in while the device is warm, the register may burst from sudden changes in temperature.
To do without the use of pumps, the following conditions must be observed:
- the lower edge of the container should be located half a meter or more above the register
- the total length of pipes or hoses should be no more than 3 meters
- pipe diameter must be at least 2.5 cm
- no sagging
- slope should be 2-5 degrees
The main disadvantages of tanks of this type:
- the ability to make a shower, a Finnish sauna, connect a battery for heating a locker room or a shower in winter
- complexity of installation and connection
- a rather big price for all the necessary details of the system: heat exchanger, pipes, taps, installation costs from the masters
Built-in water tanks
Built-in tanks
This is the basic type of tanks for sauna stoves, placed above the firebox or on one of its sides. The shapes of containers are different, but the most common is rectangular.
They are made of stainless steel, the wall thickness is in the range of 0.8-1.5 mm. Water is poured into them through a special hole, it is drained through ball valves. Nevertheless, such tanks are considered inconvenient, since they cannot be left empty, and constant boiling water creates excessive, heavy and untimely humidity in the bath.
This forces you to frequently drain hot water and pour cold water. In addition, it is inconvenient to control the level of liquid in the tank.
Hanging tanks
Mounted tanks are airtight containers with a lid, taps equipped to drain water. Such a tank is installed on one of the walls of the furnace.
They are usually made of stainless steel, as this metal is able to withstand heavy loads for a long time.
There are also mounted tanks covered with enamel, but over time they become covered with chips and cracks, which reduce the efficiency of the tank.
Side tanks
This is an original and not very common option for the location of the tank. The pipe is welded at an angle from the furnace to the bottom of the water tank. The tank is made higher than the furnace.
Heating is carried out in this way:
- From the bottom, the liquid pours into an inclined pipe and boils in it.
- The resulting bubbles rise through the pipe and burst, ending up in cold water
- According to this principle, they transfer a lot of heat and form convection.
Chimney tanks
Chimney water tanks are one of the most common types. Their other name is samovar-type tanks, because they are similar in principle to samovars. The bottom line is that hot air passes through a pipe located in the center of the body of any structure and heats the water.
These containers come in various forms: triangular, round, oval, rectangular, square. This is one of the pluses - the variety of forms, there is a choice to your liking.
- heat is not wasted and heats the water
- long chimney life
- there is no "cold steam" effect inherent in built-in and mounted tanks
- saving space in the steam room
- It is inconvenient to fill the container with water - the filling hole is located too high. This minus is smoothed out by tanks located immediately above the furnace.
- Difficult to control water level and temperature
- To have "dry steam", do not allow water to boil
- It is difficult to install a container on the chimney, because the weight with liquid reaches 100 kg or more. To do this, you need a good mount - the weight of the tank should not load the stove. But if the tanks come in a kit from one manufacturer, there is no minus
Tanks on the chimney with connection to an external tank
There is a convenient and efficient way to combine a small chimney tank and a takeaway tank. A container with two tubes for hot and cold water is installed on the pipe. It is connected to a larger external tank - this system circulates and heats the liquid.
In another way, a small tank on a pipe is called a water jacket. Almost all the disadvantages with this combination are absent:
- Mounting the tank on the chimney is convenient - because it has a small volume and weight, does not require special fastening, as with standard "samovar" tanks
- Since the remote tank can be installed anywhere, filling water is convenient. If there is a water supply system, you can connect to it
- Possibility to control the water level
- Since the remote container can be located anywhere: in the dressing room, in the attic - there is no excess moisture in the steam room. There is air conditioning control
- It is possible to take a shower with some effort, but much easier than in the first option
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Requirements for the design of such furnaces
The best, productive stoves for a bath with water tanks are devices with the following qualities:
- compactness
- reliability
- ease of use
- economy.
Devices needed for maximum efficiency:
- Heat generator and steam generator that regulate the power of the device
- Adjustable heat output, which should be enough to heat the steam room. It happens that it is not enough to heat a certain type of bath
- Convection system that allows you to regulate temperature differences and heat up the bath faster
- The cover must be as strong as possible.
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To maintain health, you need to follow these criteria:
- It is necessary that the stones heat up over 200 degrees, so that the water turns into a good and useful steam.
- At the floor, the temperature should be about 40-45 degrees, and under the ceiling 90-100.
- A good system is needed to remove smoke, carbon monoxide and other dirty elements. In addition, it must correspond to the timely combustion of fuel and uniform heating of the steam room. In order to avoid excess infrared radiation in the steam room.
To comply with fire safety, the following conditions must be met:
- the foundation must be solid - made of concrete or brick
- the oven must be located in such a way that the walls of the device are at least 50 cm away from flammable materials
- the area adjacent to the furnace must be made of refractory materials
Furnace models
Only you can decide which model is best suited for your bath. Before making a choice, you need to study the most popular stove models on the market.
Some of the best models are the following:
"Ermak" This device is made of metal. A register, a pre-flow tunnel, a hinged tank are installed in it. The most popular type of "Ermak" can heat a bath with an area of 12 m3. Its price is 8500-13500 rubles.
"Teplodar" - These are models of furnaces with a remote tank. Its price fluctuates in the range - 7000-30000 rubles. The cost is influenced by factors such as design and certain features: self-cooling door, high efficiency of the heater with low chimney load.
Breneran - designed for dry baths, like a Finnish sauna. Known for excellent quality, ease of use, low price for such quality. Kamenka is of open and closed type, cast-iron grates. The price is from 10,000 to 50,000 rubles.
Hummingbird 9B - made for use in personal steam rooms. The set includes a built-in hinged register. The construction is made of stainless steel.
The main advantages are the combination of obtaining hot water and steam at the same time, control of water consumption. This saves fluid.
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The oven can be made by hand. To build a brick oven, you must first install the foundation. It must be strong and reliable.
You need to do it in the following sequence:
- Dig a hole to a depth of 30 cm.
- tamp the soil
- Form a pillow of rubble 10 cm.
- Form a layer of sand and compact 10 cm
- Install timber formwork.
- Make reinforcement with a diameter of 8-12 mm.
- Pour concrete mix 10 cm
- Wait three weeks for the drying stage (formwork can be removed before hardening)
- Install thermal insulation and waterproofing layer (asbestos or steel sheet)
Then, the oven is built on the foundation using clay mortar. It is necessary to lay out refractory bricks with the selected order with a seam of no more than 5 mm. After laying out the brick firebox, an ash pan is placed below, followed by a metal grate.
Cement cannot be used for mortar, as it does not withstand high temperatures and the structure will collapse under load.
Do-it-yourself metal furnaces
Metal devices heat up and cool down at a faster rate than brick ones. For small steam rooms, a small-sized stove with a tank installed above the heater is suitable.
For the manufacture of the case, it is necessary to use steel with a thickness of 4-5 mm. There is an option to use a stainless steel pipe with a large diameter. Heaters are installed on top of the body.A door is installed on the side, with the help of which the stones will be watered for steam.
To remove carbon monoxide and smoke, it is desirable to use sandwich pipes.
The result is an inexpensive and convenient design, without the need to install a foundation. When you make a stove with your own hands, there are many advantages, but if certain skills and reliability of information are missing, it is better to turn to a professional or buy a stove.
Sauna stoves with water tank
DESCRIPTION
The choice of which oven and tank will be, of course, varied. I think if there is not a lot of money, and there is a great desire to install a stove with a tank, then you need to look towards metal and brick options. Moreover, the brick version, with the necessary skills, can be done by yourself. If you take metal, then it is better to take cast iron, where at least the temperature will stay a little longer. Of the minuses, I would also add the weight of such structures, during installation you will have to work hard. Ideally, of course, it would be to buy a ready-made stove model and connect a chimney tank, as the best choice.
To create a cozy bath, removing heat loss, we recommend buying airgel thermal insulation, because such material has a better thermal insulation effect, non-combustible, durable, etc. And the price of airgel thermal insulation is not very expensive.