Wood is a reliable, durable and the most common building material of natural origin. Natural and durable, this material still needs additional protection against decay and fungi. In the material we will talk about the best antiseptics for wood, which will help extend the life of wooden structures and buildings.
Content:
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What is the tool for
Processing with a disinfectant composition allows you to extend the life of the wood
antiseptic - This is a special protective solution with water-repellent and disinfecting properties, which is impregnated with wood. An antifungal and antimicrobial agent, an antiseptic is used both as a prevention of infection of a tree, and as a therapeutic composition.
A good antiseptic has the following properties:
- effective
- harmless to humans and animals
- non-toxic
- has increased resistance to aggressive impact
- compatible with other products (lacquer, paint)
Wood consists of lignin (it gives strength to the material) and cellulose (a polymer with a linear structure). This durable but susceptible product is affected by biological factors (fungi, mold, blue stain, bacteria, algae).
Species of wood material according to the degree of susceptibility to infection with a fungus are divided into:
- Persistent (Pine, ash, oak core)
- Medium resistant (spruce, fir, the central part of the beech)
- Low resistance (outer layer of birch, beech and maple)
- unstable (the central part of the aspen, wood under the bark of alder and linden)
- poor ventilation in the room
- lack of primary protective treatment
- improper storage of material
- low-quality insulation and low air temperature
- the presence of fungal spores
- ingress of water or being in an environment with a high level of humidity
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Different types of disinfectants are used for indoor and outdoor work.
Protective processing is subject to:
- Elements of load-bearing structures of buildings made of wood
- lags
- wooden floors
- Overlappings on the ceiling, between floors
- Wall partitions
- Front parts
- Completely all wooden elements in baths and saunas
- End parts of structures
- The lower crowns of buildings constructed from wooden logs
There are hundreds of varieties of protective impregnations for wood, which are classified according to:
- composition
- scope
- appointment
- application method
- degree of influence on fungus and bacteria
Composition
Oil products are best for outdoor use.
Depending on the components that underlie the impregnation, antiseptics are divided into:
By area of application
When working indoors, you need to choose non-toxic disinfectants for indoor work.
For structures indoors or outdoors, where the humidity is high or normal, you need to choose different types of impregnation. Depending on where the tree will be used, disinfection solutions are:
- For outdoor use. Used for decorative work or preparing the tree for further manipulation. Such antiseptics are characterized by increased resistance to aggressive environmental influences: precipitation, UV radiation, freezing or heating. They have a strong pungent odor, which is why it is not recommended to use them in an unventilated area.
- For interior work and under a canopy. Non-toxic, do not emit toxic fumes, odorless - mainly on an organic basis. Suitable for any type of interior work, but you need to pay attention to the marks on the level of humidity (for dry or wet rooms)
By degree of efficiency
Therapeutic solutions can also be used as prophylactic to protect against fungus
For healthy and already affected materials, different solutions are used.
According to the degree of exposure and purpose, antiseptics are:
- Preventive. They are used for processing lumber or wood immediately after purchase before construction work. Effective only for the protection of bare wood. Affected bars, boards or structural elements will no longer be able to get rid of destruction
- Healing (can also be used for prevention). With such means, a tree is impregnated in which there is already mold, fungi, or putrefactive processes have begun.
According to the application method
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The protective composition can be applied in deep or superficial ways.
The wood is covered with a medicinal composition, sprayed with a spray gun or completely immersed in the solution.
So, deep application includes:
- immersion in a container filled with antiseptic
- autoclave under high pressure or vacuum
- bandage method
- diffuse application
- roller or spray treatment
- dry exposure by capillary method
By functionality
Flame retardants with the characteristics of antiseptics are one of the most popular drugs.
Disinfectant impregnations for wood, they additionally perform the following functions:
- Whitening. Old wood or wood that has been repeatedly stained, after impregnation with such a product, restores its original color. The tool discolors gray plaque without destroying the structure of the tree.
- Mold control. Prevents or stops the growth of fungal colonies, destroys mold. Effective if the affected area is small. When a large part of the surface of the tree is covered by the fungus, the raw materials are first treated with fungicides. As a prophylactic agent, it is used against woodworm infestation.
- Fire protection. Antiseptics with the characteristics of fire retardants are a universal and popular means of complex wood protection. Mostly used for outdoor applications
- UV protection. Preparations for outdoor work, which prevent the destruction of wood from exposure to sunlight. Contain organic substances and pigments that neutralize radiation harmful to wood species
- Protection against excessive moisture. It is used for impregnation of the interior decoration of buildings of saunas and baths, in which the level of humidity is consistently high. High temperatures exacerbate the negative impact of water. Since the compounds are used for interior work, they usually have an organic composition and are not toxic.
- Primary protection. Undried fresh wood is treated with such solutions for the period of construction, storage or transportation.
- Protection of end parts, break points, cuts. These parts are porous and absorb more moisture from the atmosphere. It is the end face that is considered a favorable place for the growth of fungal colonies.
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Popular drugs
domestic production
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Domestic funds are usually universal and are not inferior in quality to foreign counterparts
High quality protective chemicals are produced by the following Russian manufacturers:
Best drugs: Senezh Ecobio (aqueous solution with the addition of components of inorganic origin, used for interior and exterior decoration), Senezh Aquadecor (oil solution) and Sanage Sauna (for the treatment of baths and saunas from the fungus, on an acrylate basis).
Decontaminating antiseptics proved to be highly effective: Nortex Doctor (to protect against blue, fungi, algae and mold), Nortex Bleach (lightens dark wood, destroys wood-staining fungi), Krasula Aqua (gives water-dirt-repellent characteristics, protects against wood-boring beetle).
foreign production
Protective azure from the Finnish manufacturer Tikkurila protects wood from fungus for 7 years
Recognized all over the world manufacturers of disinfectants:
One of the most expensive but effective drugs this manufacturer: Valtti Color Satin (glazing composition with a satin finish), Vinha (covering antiseptic for outdoor use), Soup and (protective composition for baths and saunas on an acrylate basis).
The most popular drugs: Pinotex Wood Primer (protective impregnation on a water basis), Pinotex Tinova (provides tree protection for up to 12 years), Pinotex Natural (retains the natural color of the wood).
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The best preparations for performing disinfecting treatment, depending on the functions and tasks performed, are presented in the table.
| Functions performed | Name of the drug |
|---|---|
| Whitening | Bioshield 1 and Bioshield 2, Procept 50, Neomid 500, Sagus, Woodmaster Hoarfrost |
| Mold control | Senezh Bio, PAF-LST, MOKKE, Belinka, Homeenpoisto 1 |
| fire protection | Neomid 450, Pirilax, Senezh Ognebio |
| UV Protection | Senezh Aquadecor, Biofa 2018 |
| Against excess moisture | Valtti Aquacolor, Senezh Ultra and Senezh Sauna, Pinotex terrace oil, Krasula for baths and saunas, Procept sauna |
| For drying protection | Senezh Insa, Neomid 420, BS-13, Eurotrans |
| End protection | Senezh Tor |
According to the price factor, antiseptics can be divided into 3 main groups:
- Budget medicines: Biosept, Senezh Ultra, Yaroslavl antiseptic FBS-211, Drevosept Maxi (may give wood a green tint)
- Means of the middle price segment: Neomid, Tikkurila, Pullex, Belinka (without pungent odor and toxic effect)
- Expensive but most effective solutions: Pinotex, Valtti, Mokke (universal, effective, suitable for both prevention and treatment)
High-quality durable compositions for the protection and treatment of wood cannot be cheap.
- Pinotex Standard
- Neomid 435
- Remmers Indulin
- Pinotex Natural
- Tikkurila Valtti Color
- Biotex Classic
- VGT
- Texture
- Pinotex Focus Aqua
- Neomid Bio Color Ultra
- Yaroslavl paints Tekotex
- Neomid 430
- Neomid Bio Color Classic
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How to choose an antiseptic
When choosing a protective composition, preference is given to universal drugs released no later than 2-3 years ago.
When buying a drug, you need to carefully consider the following characteristics:
- Manufacturer. It is better to give preference to proven domestic and foreign companies that specialize in the manufacture of wood processing chemicals.
- Best before date. The period of time during which the remedy is most effective is the first 2-3 years after the date of manufacture. The impregnation retains the declared properties and characteristics for 7 years. Preparations made more than 6-7 years ago, it makes no sense to purchase
- Fund spending. In order to save and rational use, before buying, you should calculate how much product is needed for processing. To do this, you need to take into account the area of the treated surface and the type of wood, as well as its part - they all have different absorbing properties. The number of layers is also taken into account, taking into account a margin of 10–12%
- Versatility. It is better to choose a product that will have several useful properties: antiseptic and antipyrine, insecticide or moisture protection
Preference should be given to disinfectants, which:
- guarantee a long service life of the protective coating
- give the best effect with fewer layers
- easy to apply
- non toxic
- presented in a wide range of colors
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Processing a large area will not be cheap, but it will pay off with a long service life of the wood.
The key factor when choosing a disinfectant is the price. In different countries and regions, the cost of drugs is different, but you can roughly determine the lower price threshold for 1 liter. for each group of antiseptics:
- To protect against saprophytes – from 210 rubles
- To protect against moisture – from 170 rubles
- For raw wood – from 200 rubles
- Preparatory compositions before applying paints and varnishes - from 300 rubles
- fire retardant – from 600 rubles
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Only dry wood can be treated with the drug
To self-saturate the wood surface disinfectant, follow these steps:
Optimal conditions for the procedure:
- air temperature is not lower than +5 degrees if a solvent-based antiseptic is used
- thermometer readings +10 degrees and higher if the impregnation is water-soluble
- air humidity in the processing room - not less than 80%
Together with a disinfecting treatment, it is possible to impregnate the tree with preparations to combat insect pests. In this case, the whole board or beam is not covered with the agent, but is poured into the holes-passages gnawed by wood-boring beetles with the help of a syringe. The circle around these passages is also wiped with insecticides.
Softwoods absorb more impregnation than hardwoods. This must be taken into account when calculating the required volume of the drug. When processing conifers, places where there are knots are additionally treated with a primer.This is done because periodically resin is released from these places, which corrodes the antiseptic.
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Wood antiseptic can be prepared at home from available ingredients
Self-made preparations for impregnation at home are less effective, have a strong odor, are toxic, but raw materials for them are available and inexpensive.
Similar funds are prepared on the basis of:
- non-aqueous solutions of petroleum products (used motor oil)
- bitumen (resin mixes)
- sodium fluoride
- ferrous sulfate
- blue vitriol
Homemade mixtures are best used for outdoor work, old wood or preventive treatment. Fresh raw materials, especially those purchased for the further construction of residential structures, are best treated with an industrial preparation.
How to prepare a disinfectant for a tree on your own using the available ingredients gives an idea of the video
VIDEO: Do-it-yourself antiseptic for wood. XM-11.
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How to choose an inexpensive, but high-quality wood preservative, is described in the video
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There are hundreds of varieties of wood preservatives on the market that differ in both price and composition. When choosing a remedy, it is important to understand that an effective drug cannot be cheap. The funds invested in the protection of the material will pay off with a long period of trouble-free operation of buildings and structures made of wood.
