Planting fruit crops does not bypass anyone, neither the owners of empty land, nor the owners of chic plots. Someone realizes their dreams of a beautiful garden, someone rejuvenates an existing one. For all the necessary work, there are rules that determine the timing when it is best to plant. fruit trees.
Content:
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The most suitable time
Planting times vary by region and type of tree.
- What type of plant is being planted?
- How favorable is the weather of the selected season
- From the region where cultivation will be carried out
- From soil type
- stone fruits
- pome fruits
- Favorable time for planting fruit trees by region:
| middle latitudes | stone types - spring pome types - autumn |
Southern regions | all types - autumn |
Northern regions | all types - spring |
Fruit trees
Cherry, plum, apricot, cherry plum, cherries - Plants that love heat. They belong to the bone type. In the middle regions this species may not have time to take root in the autumn period before the winter cold sets in. So, the best time for its landing for these regions is spring (from the 2nd half of March to mid-April).
The most popular representatives of the seed type are pear and Apple tree. They are not demanding in taking care of themselves and are more resistant to cold. In mid-latitudes, they are planted in autumn until frost. (for 1-1.5 months). If early frosts occur or autumn precipitation continues for a long time, then planting is postponed to the spring season.
Seed-type planting is carried out in spring and in areas with short summer and autumn seasons. (northern regions and zones of risky agriculture). During these periods, all types of plantings do not take root well.
Autumn tree planting
In the southern regions, all types of fruit trees are planted in autumn, because cooling here occurs in November or even in mid-December. And with the onset of heat, it is not the best period for rooting small trees due to dry weather conditions that come very early.
With the predominance of heavy soil in the garden area, the planting of seed-type crops is postponed to the spring, and in the fall, planting pits are prepared to correct the soil structure.
- during periods of prolonged rains, prolonged drought and with return spring frosts, work with planting material is not recommended
- autumn planting is carried out until the moment when the winter cold sets in (at least a month in advance)
- heavy soil is not suitable for arranging a garden plot, so planting seedlings must be transferred to the spring
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A seedling with a closed root system can be planted without harm in summer
Modern gardeners do not always follow the rules. This also applies to the arrangement of the garden plot, namely the planting of fruit plants in the summer season.Moreover, today it can be done without harming small trees.
Heat is not a favorable condition for normal rooting. This is detrimental to planting material with open roots. He will feel more comfortable if the temperature around is low and the soil is well saturated with moisture.
Today, plant growing establishments sell seedlings in containers. The root system of such a tree is in a good soil mixture for it, which protects it and does not allow it to dry out. Therefore, it does not matter what the temperature will be during the disembarkation.
Paved system automatic watering on the site makes the summer period (namely June) the preferred time for planting seedlings. A specific day is selected according to the lunar calendar. The most favorable period is the 2nd and 3rd quarter of the moon's activity.
Soil temperature also matters. It should not exceed 250WITH. If the weather is hot, planting work is carried out in the early morning (before 8.00) or late in the evening (before sunset). So it will be possible to prevent the roots from burning, to create conditions for better adaptation of the tree.
Planting a pear
- unhurried opportunity to choose a seedling, because during the summer, nurseries do not have a large influx of visitors
- the growing season is the best moment to evaluate all the advantages of the purchased planting material
- trees planted in the summer are more likely to take root before the cold sets in than their counterparts planted in the fall season
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Location
Rational use of the territory
Often, gardeners take great care of the quality of the soil and do not think over the plan according to which the trees will be planted. By doing this, they make a big mistake, because. soil type can be adjusted when planting holes are formed.
But how the plantings will be lit and how well ventilated is of great importance.
In order for the trees to eat well and receive sufficient moisture, they should not be planted close to each other.
Shading plantings with the crown of an adult plantation increases the risk of developing various infections (fungi, viruses) on the site, and complicates the pollination stage during flowering. All this will affect the volume of the harvest and the size of the fruit.
If you follow the planting plan, this will make it easier in the future to care for the trees, cut them, spray them. Before forming planting holes, a diagram should be drawn on paper with a calculation of the density of future plantings.
When planting crops in a single copy, special attention is paid to their remoteness from any garden buildings and equipped paths.
Planting seedlings
The interval of planting fruit seedlings between themselves and from outbuildings:
| Vigorous varieties | at least 5-6 m |
Medium-sized varieties | 4 m |
stunted trees | 2-3 m |
Sunlight in the garden on which plantings will be set up, should be at least half of the daytime. During the first years, young seedlings are afraid of drafts, and their roots need to be free from moisture.
Fruit-bearing crops consume large amounts of moisture. It is desirable to locate them in places where the degree of occurrence of groundwater is high.
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fruit tree seedlings
The best point for purchasing fruit seedlings is nurseries. Here, trees are grown following all the rules of agricultural technology, and consultants will explain in detail how to plant and how to care for a particular variety.
The risk that the acquired seedling is infected pests, infections, in such institutions is reduced to zero.
Sapling with bare root system
Open root system
When buying planting material that has bare roots, it is important to monitor the following points:
seedling in a container
seedling in a container
Buying a tree in a container is a high probability that the plant will take root. But checking the viability of the material is needed:
- All external parts of the seedling (bark, branches) are carefully examined. The vegetative mass (if any) should have saturation and color uniformity
- The pot is turned over and the bottom is inspected for strong roots.that grow through drainage holes
- The tree carefully rises by the basal part of the stem. Free release from the tank indicates a long-standing transplant and a well-developed root system during this time. Newly transplanted seedlings in growing areas have their roots trimmed to fit in a shipping pot
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Planting hole preparation
We prepare the landing hole in advance in compliance with the required dimensions
The most optimal solution when the landing holes are prepared in advance, those. if planting is planned in the spring, the hole is prepared in the fall, with autumn planting, they start preparing from the spring season.
If the deadlines are missed, the formation of holes is possible half a month before planting. During this time, the soil will sag, all the empty spaces that can become the culprit of root rotting will leave.
All types of fruit crops and fruit and berry bushes begin to differ in size with age (2-3 years). For this reason, the size of the prepared holes for each species is different:
| planting material | Depth, cm | Diameter cm |
|---|---|---|
| Seed type with bare rhizome | 60 | 90-100 |
| Stone type and shrubs | 40-50 | 75-80 |
| closed root material | 60-80 | 100 |
Planting fruit trees
Holes about 1 m wide and 60-80 cm deep are made in areas where the soil is heavy, because nutrients (most of them) are in the surface layer, the most fertile. If the roots are deeply buried, then the tree will not be able to eat and adapt normally.
Hole digging process:
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Top dressing with ash
Under the planting material, mineral-organic mixtures or chemical additives are introduced, but organics are then not added. When using organics, nitrogen agrochemicals are not used.
Under pome types, several types of fertilizers are applied in a hole with a diameter of 1 m and a depth of 60 cm, which differ in composition:
rotted compost – 4 buckets (10 l each) / superphosphate simple - 400 g (double - 200 g) / potassium sulfate - 200 g
or
Humus - 3 buckets / bone meal - 1 kg / simple superphosphate - 200 g / potassium sulfate - 200 g
Potassium sulfate in the cold season, if desired, is replaced by potassium chloride. Instead of chemicals for environmentally friendly cultivation, ash is used in the proportions: 1 well / 1 liter of ash.
Under the stone types, top dressing, reduced in volume by 2 times, is introduced into a hole with a diameter of up to 80 cm and a depth of 40 cm.
cherry planting
The process of planting a seedling with a bare rhizome:
Seedlings with exposed rhizomes
The process of planting a plant with a hidden root system is simpler than the previous option:
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The first couple of seasons require sufficient and systematic watering.
The first couple of seasons, all types of fruit trees need sufficient and systematic watering, even if the seedlings were planted in autumn. Watering stops only when the cold comes.
Inflorescences of the first flowering are removed. A fruit tree will spend a lot of energy on inflorescences and the formation of fruits, and the development of the root system and crown will stop.
During the first 3 years, formative pruning of the trunk will be required, as well as regular spraying with special preparations, protecting the young seedling from pests and diseases.
In winter, the trunk circle is mulched to protect young roots from frost. The barrel also needs to be wrapped with a special covering material that will protect it from frostbite and rodents.
Whitewashing will protect against sunburn and will be a prevention against garden pests
With the onset of the spring period, the bole is whitened. This will protect it from sunburn and will be a preventive measure against garden pests.
It takes a lot of strength and patience to grow a garden that will bear fruit profusely. Each stage of development of fruit crops requires careful care.
And for starters, they take care to determine the optimal time for planting, get a healthy seedling and properly prepare the planting hole. Only under all conditions can you get a great harvest.
Instructions: How to plant fruit trees correctly
When to plant fruit trees: all about the rules for planting and the most acceptable timing in spring and autumn | Tips & Tricks (Photo & Video)
